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ALBUTEROL (Proventil®, Ventolin®)

CLASS:

  • Sympathomimetic

  • Beta-2 adrenergic (agonist)

  • Bronchodilator

ACTION :

  • Stimulates B2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, resulting in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle.

  • For Hyperkalemia causes an intracellular shift of K+

INDICATIONS:

  • Asthma

  • Exacerbation of COPD

  • Anaphylaxis

  • Nebulizer treatment may be indicated in cardiac wheeze

  • Hyperkalemia

CONTRAINDICATIONS:

  • Hypersensitivity

  • Severe Cardiac dysrhythmias

STANDARD PREP:

  • metered dose inhaler delivers 90 mcg / metered dose

  • 2.5 mg in 3 cc

DOSAGE / ROUTE:

  • 2.5 - 5.0 mg diluted to 3 cc NS via nebulizer.

  • Onset: 5 – 15 minutes after inhalation

  • Duration: 3 – 4 hours after inhalation

PEDIATRIC DOSE:

  • Albuterol 2.5 – 5.0 mg diluted for nebulizer use

SIDE EFFECTS:

  • Dysrhythmias, tachycardia, palpitations, chest pain

  • Hypertension, dizziness, anxiety, restlessness

  • Tremors, N & V, throat dryness

PRECAUTIONS:

  • Beta blockers antagonize (blocks) effects of albuterol

  • Digoxin, MAOIs, tricyclic antidepressants may increase the risk of arrhythmias

  • Albuterol may inhibit uterine contractility (because uterus has B2 adrenergic receptors)

  • Caution in cardiovascular disease, DM, Hyperthyroidism.

  • Exercise care in presence of tachycardia and hypertension